Q8. What should be done if a person is unconscious but breathing?

Ans 8: If unconscious but breathing, place the person in the recovery position: extend one arm, cross the other to the cheek, bend the far leg, and roll them sideways. This keeps airways open and prevents choking. Monitor breathing and seek medical help immediately for further assistance.

Q9. How does the Rigveda’s teaching relate to modern safety practices?

Ans 9: The Rigveda states, “Self-preservation is the first law of nature,” emphasizing that safety is a fundamental human instinct. Today, this principle applies to workplace safety, first aid, and accident prevention. Just as ancient wisdom urged caution, modern safety measures—like protective gear and emergency protocols—help minimize harm, showing that the need for security remains timeless.

Q10. Why is carelessness a major cause of workplace accidents?

Ans 10: Many workplace injuries occur due to negligence—such as ignoring safety rules, mishandling equipment, or working in congested spaces. For example, loose clothing near machines or improper chemical handling in labs can lead to severe accidents. Following proper guidelines, staying alert, and using safety gear can prevent most mishaps caused by carelessness.

Q11. What are the risks of wearing loose clothes while operating machinery?

Ans 11: Loose clothing can get caught in moving machine parts, leading to severe injuries like limb fractures or burns. To prevent this, workers should wear fitted attire, avoid dangling accessories, and use chalk powder for better grip. Safety protocols like these minimize accidents, ensuring smooth and hazard-free machine operation.

Q12. How can improper storage of spare machine parts lead to accidents?

Ans 12: If spare parts are left lying around, they may fall and injure someone or disrupt workflow. Proper storage prevents tripping hazards and ensures quick access when needed. Keeping tools and machine components in designated places maintains a safer, more organized workspace.

Q13. Why is it dangerous to touch moving parts of a machine?

Ans 13: Moving machine parts can cause severe injuries like crushed fingers, burns (from friction heat), or even amputations. Workers should never attempt to adjust or clean machinery while it’s running. Following safety protocols—like switching off equipment before maintenance—reduces such risks significantly.

Q14. What precautions should farmers take while using agricultural insecticides?

Ans 14: Farmers must wear protective clothing, gloves, masks, and goggles to avoid skin absorption or inhalation of toxic chemicals. After spraying, they should immediately wash their clothes and bathe to remove residue. Storing insecticides securely and following usage instructions prevents poisoning and long-term health risks.

Q15. Why should insecticide spray cans be destroyed after use?

Ans 15: Empty insecticide containers may still contain harmful residues. If left unattended, children or pets might misuse them, leading to poisoning. Destroying used cans ensures they aren’t repurposed unsafely, preventing accidental exposure to toxic chemicals.

Q 16. How does an MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker) enhance electrical safety?

Ans 16: An MCB automatically cuts off power during a short circuit or overload, preventing fires and electrocution. Unlike traditional fuses, MCBs are reusable and more reliable. Installing them in homes and workplaces minimizes electrical hazards, ensuring safer use of appliances.

Q17. Why should electric gadgets not be touched with wet hands?

Ans 17: Water conducts electricity, increasing the risk of shocks or electrocution. Moisture reduces skin resistance, making even low-voltage currents dangerous. Always drying hands before handling switches or appliances prevents accidental electric injuries.

Q 18. What is the recovery position, and why is it crucial for unconscious people?

Ans 18: The recovery position keeps an unconscious person’s airway open, preventing choking if they vomit. By tilting the head and bending one knee for stability, this position ensures safe breathing until medical help arrives. It’s a vital first-aid step for non-breathing emergencies.

Q19. How does CPR help in a cardiac emergency?

Ans 19: CPR maintains blood circulation and oxygen supply to the brain when the heart stops. Chest compressions mimic the heart’s pumping action, while rescue breaths provide oxygen. Starting CPR within three minutes of cardiac arrest can prevent brain damage and save lives before professional help arrives.

Q20. Why is the 30:2 compression-to-breath ratio important in CPR?

Ans 20: This ratio (30 chest compressions followed by 2 breaths) ensures optimal blood flow and oxygenation. Too many interruptions for breaths can reduce circulation efficiency, while too few may deprive the brain of oxygen. The 30:2 balance maximizes survival chances during cardiac arrest.

Activity 10.1

• Enlist and paste pictures of the safety equipment’s or gadgets of any five sports of your choice.
• Name the tablets kept in grain containers to control grain insect.
• Enlist five household insecticides.

Ans:                        Activity 10.1

1. Safety Equipment/Gadgets for Five Sports

Here are five sports with their essential safety gear:

2. Name of Tablets Kept in Grain Containers

The tablets used in grain containers to prevent insect infestation are:

• Aluminum Phosphide (e.g., Celphos)
• Methyl Bromide Fumigants
• Actellic Super (Pirimiphos-methyl)

(These tablets release gas that kills pests but must be used carefully to avoid poisoning.)

3.Five Common Household Insecticides

1. Mosquito Coils & Liquid Vaporizers (e.g., All Out, Good Knight)
2. Cockroach Killer Sprays (e.g., Hit, Baygon)
3. Ant & Termite Killer Chalk (e.g., Laxman Rekha, Combat)
4. Naphthalene Balls (for moths in cupboards)
5. Rat Poison Pellets (e.g., Ratol, Zinc Phosphide-based tablets)

(These helps control pests but should be stored away from children and pets.)

Presentation Tip:

• Use a scrapbook or digital collage to paste pictures of sports safety gear.
• For insecticides, add brand logos or product images for better clarity.
• Mention precautionary measures while handling grain tablets and chemicals.

Activity 10.2

• Discuss with your classmates the need of first aid.
• List the most essential items in a First Aid Box and draw a diagram

Ans:                        Activity 10.2 Answers

1. Need for First Aid (Group Discussion Points)

• Saves Lives: Immediate care (like CPR or stopping bleeding) can prevent death before medical help arrives.
• Reduces Pain: Basic first aid (bandaging wounds, cooling burns) eases suffering.
• Prevents Worsening: Proper handling of fractures or poisoning stops further damage.
• Promotes Recovery: Quick action (like cleaning wounds) lowers infection risks.
• Builds Confidence: Knowing first aid helps people stay calm and assist in emergencies.

 Group Task: Discuss real-life examples (e.g., burns, snake bites) where first aid made a difference.

2. Essential Items in a First Aid Box

1. Antiseptic Solution(Dettol, Betadine) – Cleans wounds.
2. Bandages & Gauze– Cuts and burns coverage.
3. Adhesive Plasters(Band-Aids) – Small wound protection.
4. Cotton & Sterile Pads– Wipes and dressing wounds.
5. Scissors & Tweezers– Cutting tape/splinters removal.
6. Pain Relievers(Paracetamol) – Reduces fever/pain.
7. Disposable Gloves– Prevents infection spread.
8. Thermometer– Checks body temperature.
9. Creams(Burnol, Calamine) – Soothes burns/rashes.
10. Emergency Contact List– Doctors/hospital numbers.

 3. Diagram of a First Aid Box

(Draw a labeled rectangular box with items arranged neatly inside. Example labels:)

• Top Shelf: Medicines (pain relievers, antiseptic).
• Middle Shelf: Bandages, gauze, gloves.
• Bottom Shelf: Scissors, tweezers, thermometer.
• Side Pocket: Emergency contact list.

Sketch Tip: Use color pencils to differentiate items (e.g., red for antiseptic, blue for bandages).

Class Activity Ideas:

• Role-Play: Simulate emergencies (e.g., sprains, cuts) to practice first aid.
• Quiz: Test classmates on uses of each item in the box.

Activity 10.3

• Observe the activity perform by teacher and do activity under the supervision of the teacher.

Ans: Activity 10.3 Guidelines

Objective: To observe, learn, and practice first aid techniques under the teacher’s supervision for hands-on experience in handling emergencies.

Steps to Follow:

1. Observation Phase (Teacher’s Demonstration)

• Watch carefully as the teacher demonstrates:

• How to clean and dress a wound(using gauze, antiseptic, bandages).
• Proper bandaging techniques for sprains/fractures (e.g., triangular bandage for arm sling).
• CPR steps(chest compressions + rescue breaths on a mannequin).
• Recovery position for unconscious but breathing victims.

 2. Practical Activity (Under Supervision)

• Hands-on Practice:

• Work in pairs to dress a mock wound(use fake blood/simulated injuries if available).
• Practice bandaging on a partner’s wrist/ankle.
• Use a CPR mannequin to simulate chest compressions(30:2 ratio).
• Role-play placing an “unconscious” classmate in the recovery position.

 3. Safety Reminders

• Do’s:

• Use gloves to avoid contamination.
• Follow the teacher’s instructions step-by-step.
• Ask questions if unsure!

• Don’ts:

• Never perform CPR on a healthy person.
• Avoid using real medicines/chemicals.

 4. Discussion & Reflection

• Group Recap: Share what you learned.
• “Why is proper bandaging important?”
• “How does CPR help in cardiac arrest?”
• Note Down: Key takeaways in your notebook.

Example Scenario for Practice:

Situation: A classmate falls and scrapes their knee during sports.
Action:

1. Wear gloves.
2. Clean the wound with antiseptic.
3. Apply gauze and secure with a bandage.

(Teacher will guide corrections, e.g., “Don’t touch the wound directly!”)

Note: This activity builds confidence and life-saving skills. Pay attention to details! 

Activity 10.4

• Let us learn about common medicines, their effects and what happens if they are used incorrectly.

Ans: Activity 10.4: Understanding Common Medicines – Uses and Dangers

Learning Objectives:

1. Identify common household medicines
2. Understand their proper uses
3. Learn about dangers of incorrect use
4. Practice safe medicine habits

Part 1: Common Medicines and Their Uses

Part 2: Dangers of Incorrect Use

1. Pain Relievers:

• Overdose can cause liver damage (paracetamol) or stomach bleeding (ibuprofen)
• Never take with alcohol
• Don’t use for more than 3 days without doctor advice

2. Antacids:

• Long-term use can affect calcium absorption
• May hide symptoms of serious stomach problems

3. Antibiotics:

• Taking without need creates resistant bacteria
• Never share or save leftover antibiotics

4. Cough Syrups:

• Some contain codeine which can be addictive
• May cause drowsiness

5. Vitamin Supplements:

• Overdose can be harmful (especially Vitamin A/D)
• Shouldn’t replace balanced die

Part 3: Safe Medicine Practices

Do:

• Always read the label
• Use measuring devices (not spoons) for liquids
• Store medicines in cool, dry place
• Check expiry dates
• Keep medicines in original containers

Don’t:

• Share prescription medicines
• Crush or break tablets unless directed
• Mix medicines without doctor’s advice
• Take medicines in the dark (might take wrong one)
• Keep medicines near children or pets

Classroom Activities:

1. Medicine Label Reading Exercise:

• Bring empty medicine packages
• Practice finding: active ingredients, dosage, warnings

2. Role Play:

• Act out scenarios: what to do when someone takes too much medicine

3. First Aid Kit Check:

• Examine contents of school first aid kit
• Identify medicines and their uses

4. Myth Buster Game:

• True/False questions about medicine use
• Example: “If one pill is good, two must be better” (False!)

Real-Life Case Study:

Situation: A student takes extra paracetamol tablets for headache relief. After 2 hours, they feel nauseous and dizzy.

Discussion Questions:

1. What mistake was made?
2. What are the possible dangers?
3. What should be done immediately?
4. How could this have been prevented?

Take-Home Message:

Medicines are helpful tools when used properly, but can be dangerous if misused. Always:

1. Follow dosage instructions carefully
2. Ask a doctor or pharmacist if unsure
3. Never self-prescribe
4. Store medicines safely

Activity 10.5

• What is the use of vitamins in our body?

 Ans:       Activity 10.2 Answers

1. Need for First Aid (Group Discussion Points)

• Saves Lives: Immediate care (like CPR or stopping bleeding) can prevent death before medical help arrives.
• Reduces Pain: Basic first aid (bandaging wounds, cooling burns) eases suffering.
• Prevents Worsening: Proper handling of fractures or poisoning stops further damage.
• Promotes Recovery: Quick action (like cleaning wounds) lowers infection risks.
• Builds Confidence: Knowing first aid helps people stay calm and assist in emergencies.

Group Task: Discuss real-life examples (e.g., burns, snake bites) where first aid made a difference. 

2. Essential Items in a First Aid Box

1. Antiseptic Solution(Dettol, Betadine) – Cleans wounds.
2. Bandages & Gauze– Cuts and burns coverage.
3. Adhesive Plasters(Band-Aids) – Small wound protection.
4. Cotton & Sterile Pads– Wipes and dressing wounds.
5. Scissors & Tweezers– Cutting tape/splinters removal.
6. Pain Relievers(Paracetamol) – Reduces fever/pain.
7. Disposable Gloves– Prevents infection spread.
8. Thermometer– Checks body temperature.
9. Creams (Burnol, Calamine) – Soothes burns/rashes.
10. Emergency Contact List – Doctors/hospital numbers.

3. Diagram of a First Aid Box